HIERARCHICAL APPROACH OF USING P300 IN EEG BASED BCI

Brain Computer Interface is a system that translates the electrical activity of the brain into commands which can control devices in real time applications, enabling the disabled people to communicate with the outside world. In this paper we focus on P300 based real time application where the users’ difficulty in communicating with the external environment is made easier. The P300 Event Related Potential (ERP) are natural responses of the brain to some specific stimuli. A person who is paralysed or bedridden needs full care and attention. This means that a care team will likely be working together (including family, friends, nurses and other professional help). Because of this, it is important to make sure that every or any one of the care team member should always be there with the patient. If there occurs a situation where the patient is in need and the care taker is not present with them, our work finds a solution for this problem using BCI technology. In this concept we use a CRT or LED monitor placed infront of the user where different images are displayed. These images represent the basic needs of the paralysed person. When the user is in need of some requirements they can gaze at the images displayed on the monitor. Meanwhile the signals generated during this event is processed and the output is given to the desired applications. Thus this paper eases the users difficulty in meeting their basic needs

An Approach for Effective Design Space Exploration of Hard-Decision Viterbi Decoder: Algorithm and VLSI Implementation

Viterbi algorithmic rule is usually used as a cryptography technique for convolutional codes, bit detection technique, Trellis in storage devices. The design space for VLSI implementation of Viterbi decoders is massive, involving selections of turnout, latency, area and power. Even for a set of parameters like constraint length, encoder polynomials and trace-back depth, the task of de-signing a Viterbi decoder is kind of troublesome and needs important effort. Sometimes, as a result of incomplete style area exploration or incorrect analysis, a suboptimal style is chosen. This work analyzes the planning complexness by applying most of the identified VLSI implementation techniques for hard-decision Viterbi cryptography to a distinct set of code parameters. The conclusions square measure supported real styles that actual synthesis and layouts were obtained. In authors’ read, as a result of the depth lined, it is the foremost comprehensive analysis of the subject revealed to this point

EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS AND METHANOLIC SEED EXTRACTS OF CITRULLUS LANATUS

Objective: The present study was designed to identify the bioactive phytochemicals and its antibacterial and in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of aqueous and methanolic seed extract of Citrullus lanatus.Methods: The phytochemical screening of both the aqueous and methanolic seed extract was carried out qualitatively to identify the major Phyto-constituents present in the extracts. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated against six pathogenic bacterial strains by agar well diffusion method and the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by broth dilution method. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of C. lanatus seed extracts was evaluated by using human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization and inhibition of albumin denaturation method.Results: The results of the study indicated that both the extracts of the seed having antimicrobial activity, while the methanolic extract showed more significant activity against the tested organism than aqueous extract. Methanol extract had the lowest MIC of 1.562 mg/ml against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis, whereas in aqueous extract was highly sensitive to Bacillus subtilis, E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia with MIC of 3.125 and 6.25 mg/ml, respectively. Methanolic extracts exerted comparative higher anti-inflammatory activity than aqueous extract.Conclusion: Present study provides a firm evidence to support that the synergistic effect of C. lanatus seed extracts having potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial property, which might serve as an effective drug for various microbial infections and inflammatory disorders

The Role of Lipid Based Nanoparticles in Brain Targeted Drug Delivery System: an Overview

Recently, targeted drug delivery systems have gained much importance for delivering many kinds of drugs as well as imaging agents, particularly to the targeted disease cells or tissues. The diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders is an extremely challenging task. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the primary obstacle in conveying the chemotherapeutic and diagnostic agents that prompt the insufficient delivery of drug at the brain-targeted site. Many drug molecules are non-soluble in aqueous systems, unable to cross BBB, or present severe side effects. Lipid-based nanoparticle (LBNP) systems represent one of the most potential colloidal carriers. They are preferred over polymeric nanoparticles due to their high stability, excellent targeting ability,increased loading capacity, non-toxicity, low production costs, and ease of preparation. Combining drug with lipid nanoparticles reduces the therapeutic dose and toxicity, decreases drug resistance, and increases drug levels in the targeted tissue. This review presents the different types of LBNPs developed in recent years and theirapplication in brain disorders